Geostatistic in Reservoir Characterization: from estimation to simulation methods

Abstract

In this article objective have been made to reviews different geostatistical methods available to estimate and simulate petrophysical properties (porosity and permeability) of the reservoir.
Different geostatistical techniques that allow the combination of hard and soft data are taken into account and one refers the main reason to use the geostatistical simulation rather than estimation. Uncertainty in reservoir characterization due to variogram assumption, which is a strict mathematical equation and can leads to serious simplification on description of the natural processes or phenomena under consideration, is treated here. Mutiple-point geostatistics methods based on the concept of training images, suggested by Strebelle (2000) and Caers (2003) owing to variogram limitation to capture complex heterogeneity, is another subject presented.
This article intends to provide a review of geostatistical methods to serve the interest of students and researchers.