Petrological and geochemical characterization of the plutonic rocks of the Sierra de La Aguada, Province of San Luis, Argentina: Genetic implications with the Famatinian magmatic arc
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.3989/egeol.42711.440Keywords:
granodiorite, geochemistry, magmatic arc, Famatinian cycle, Sierras PampeanasAbstract
This study presents a synthesis on the geology of the crystalline complex that constitute the Sierra de la Aguada, San Luis province, Argentine, from an approach based on field relations, petrologic and structural features and geochemical characteristic. This mountain range exposes a basement dominated by intermediate to mafic calcalkaline igneous rocks and peraluminous felsic granitoids, both emplaced in low to medium grade metamorphic rocks stabilized under low amphibolite facies. All this lithological terrane has been grouped in the El Carrizal-La Aguada Complex. Field relations, petrographic characterization and geochemical comparison of the plutonic rocks from the study area with those belonging to the Ordovician Famatinian suit exposed in the Sierra Grande de San Luis, suggest a genetic and temporal relation linked to the development of the Famatinian magmatic arc.
Downloads
References
Aceñolaza, F.G. & Toselli, A.J. (1976). Consideraciones estratigráficas y tectónicas sobre el Paleozoico inferior del Noroeste Argentino. Actas del 2º Congreso Latinoamericano de Geología, Caracas, 2: 755–763.
Alasino, P.H.; Dahlquist, J.A.; Pankhurst, R.J.; Galindo, C.; Casquet, C.; Rapela, C.W. & Fanning, C.M. (2012). Early Carboniferous sub-to mid-alkaline magmatism in the Eastern Sierras Pampeanas, NW Argentina: A record of crustal growth by the incorporation of mantle-derived material in an extensional setting. Gondwana Research, 22(3): 992–1008. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gr.2011.12.011
Azcurra, M.O. (2001). Geología, petrología y geoquímica de la Sierra de La Aguada, Departamento Chacabuco, Provincia de San Luis, República Argentina. Tesis de Licenciatura, Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto, 129 pp.
Batchelor, R. & Bowden, P. (1985). Petrogenetic interpretation of granitoid rock series using multicationic parameters. Chemical Geology, 48: 43–55. https://doi.org/10.1016/0009-2541(85)90034-8
Bellos, L.; Castro, A.; Díaz-Alvarado, J. & Toselli, A. (2015). Multi-pulse cotectic evolution and in-situ fractionation of calc-alkaline tonalite–granodiorite rocks, Sierra de Velasco batholith, Famatinian belt, Argentina. Gondwana Research, 27(1): 258–280. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gr.2013.09.019
Chernicoff, C. & Ramos, V. (2003). El basamento de la Sierra de San Luis: nuevas evidencias magnéticas y sus implicancias tectónicas. Revista de la Asociación Geológica Argentina, 58(4): 511–524.
Chernicoff, C.; Zappettini, E.; Santos, J.; Allchurch, S. & McNaughton, N. (2010). The southern segment of the Famatinian magmatic arc, La Pampa province, Argentina. Gondwana Research, 17: 662–675. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gr.2009.10.008
Coira, B.; Koukharsky, M.; Ribeiro Guevara, S. & Cisterna, C. (2009). Puna (Argentina) and northern Chile Ordovician Basic magmatism: a contribution to the tectonic setting. Journal of South American Earth Sciences, 27: 24–35. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsames.2008.10.002
Cristofolini, E.; Martino, R.; Otamendi, J.; Tibaldi, A.; Armas, P.; Barzola, M. & Zambroni, N. (2015). Faja de cizalla Las Lajas: nuevos aportes al conocimiento de su geología, extremo sur de la Sierra de Comechingones, Córdoba-San Luis. Actas de la 16º Reunión de Tectónica y 5º Taller de Campo, General Roca-Río Negro, 28–29.
Cristofolini, E.; Otamendi, J.; Ducea, M.; Peason, D.; Tibaldi, A. & Baliani, I. (2012). Detrital zircon U-Pb ages of metasedimentary rocks from the Sierra de Valle Fértil: revealing entrapment of late Cambrian marine successions into the deep roots of the early Ordovician Famatinian Arc. Journal of South American Earth Sciences, 37: 77–94. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsames.2012.02.001
Cristofolini, E.; Otamendi, J.; Martino, R.; Tibaldi, A.; Armas, P. & Barzola, M. (2017). Faja de cizalla Las Lajas: petrografía, estructura interna e implicancias tectónicas, extremo sur de la Sierra de Comechingones, provincias de Córdoba y San Luis. Revista de la Asociación Geológica Argentina, (in press).
Cristofolini, E.; Otamendi, J.; Walker B. Jr.; Tibaldi, A. & Armas, P. (2014). Middle Paleozoic shear zone in the Sierra de Valle Fértil, Argentina: Records of a continent-arc collision in the Famatinian margin of Gondwana. Journal of South American Earth Sciences, 56: 170–185. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsames.2014.09.010
De La Roche, H. (1992). Un homologue cationique Q-A-P (quartz-feldspath alcalin-plagioclase); figure majeure de la pétrologie des roches plutóniques. C.R. Academy of Sciences París, 315(2): 1687–1693.
Debon, F. & Le Fort, P. (1983). A chemical-mineralogical classification of common plutonic rocks and associations. Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh Earth Sciences, 73: 135–149. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0263593300010117
Ducea, M.; Otamendi, J.; Bergantz, G.; Stair, K.; Valencia, V. & Gehrels, G. (2010). Timing constraints on building an intermediate plutonic arc crustal section: U-Pb zircón geochronology of the Sierra Valle Fértil, Famatinian Arc, Argentina. Tectonics, 29(4): TC4002. https://doi.org/10.1029/2009TC002615
El Bouseily, A. & Sokkary, A. (1975). The Relation between Rb, Ba y Sr in granitic rocks. Chemical Geology, 16: 207–219. https://doi.org/10.1016/0009-2541(75)90029-7
Fagiano, M. (2007). Geología y Petrología del basamento cristalino de las Albahacas, sur de la Sierra de Comechingones, Córdoba. Tesis Doctoral, Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto, 380 pp.
Fagiano, M.; Otamendi, J.; Nullo, F. & Brein, C. (1993). Geología y petrología del granito los Nogales, Achiras, Provincia de Córdoba. Actas del 12º Congreso Geológico Argentino y 2º Congreso de Exploración de hidrocarburos, Mendoza, 4: 33–44.
Frost, B.; Barnes, C.; Collins, W.; Arculus, R.; Ellis, D. & Frost, C. (2001). A geochemical classification for granitic Rocks. Journal of Petrology, 42: 2033–2048. https://doi.org/10.1093/petrology/42.11.2033
Galliski, M. (1994). La Provincia Pegmatítica Pampeana I: Tipología y distribución de sus distritos económicos. Revista de la Asociación Geológica Argentina, 49: 99–112.
Gordillo, C. & Lencinas, A. (1979). Sierras Pampeanas de Córdoba y San Luis. Actas del 2º Simposio de Geología Regional Argentina, Córdoba, 1: 577–650.
Grosse, P.; Bellos, L.; Camilo, R.; Larrovere, M.; Rossi, J. & Toselli, A. (2011). Across-arc variation of the Famatinian magmatic arc (NW Argentina) exemplified by I-, S-and transitional I/S-type Early Ordovician granitoids of the Sierra de Velasco. Journal of South American Earth Sciences, 32(1): 110–126. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsames.2011.03.014
Irvine, T. & Baragar, W. (1971). A guide to the chemical classification of common volcanic Rocks. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, 8: 523–548. https://doi.org/10.1139/e71-055 https://doi.org/10.1139/e71-055
Kelemen, P.B.; Hanghøj, K. & Greene, A.R. (2003). One view of the geochemistry of subduction–related magmatic arcs, with emphasis on primitive andesite and lower crust. In: Treatise on Geochemistry 3 (Holland, H. & Turekian, K., Eds.), Elsevier–Pergamon, Oxford, 17: 596–659.
Kretz, R. (1983). Symbols for rock-forming minerals. American Mineralogist, 68: 277–279.
Le Maitre, R.W. (1989). A classification of igneous rocks and glossary of terms. Blackwell Scientific Publications, Oxford, 193 pp.
López de Luchi, M.; Cerredo, M.; Siegesmund, S.; Steenken, A. & Wemmer, K. (2003). Provenance and tectonic setting of the protoliths of the metamorphic complexes of Sierra de San Luis. Revista de la Asociación Geológica Argentina, 58(4): 525–540.
López de Luchi, M.; Hoffmann, A.; Siegesmund, S.; Wemmer, K. & Steenken, A. (2002). Temporal constraints on the polyphase evolution of the Sierra de San Luis. Preliminary report based on biotite and muscovite cooling ages. Actas del 15° Congreso Geológico Argentino, El Calafate, 1: 309–315.
Miyashiro, A. (1974). Volcanic rock series in island arcs and active continental margins. American Journal of Science, 274: 321–355. https://doi.org/10.2475/ajs.274.4.321
Morosini, A. (2011). El granito La Escalerilla, provincia de San Luis: San Luis. Tesis Doctoral, Universidad Nacional de San Luis, 435 pp.
Morosini, A. & Ortiz Suárez, A. (2010). La deformación Famatiniana del granito La Escalerilla, Sierra de San Luis. Revista de la Asociación Geológica Argentina, 67(4): 481–493.
Morosini, A.; Ortiz Suárez, A.; Otamendi, J.; Pagano, D. & Ramos, G. (2017). La Escalerilla pluton, San Luis Argentina: the orogenic and post-orogenic magmatic evolution of the Famatininan cycle at Sierras de San Luis. Journal of South American Earth Sciences, 73: 100–118. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsames.2016.12.001 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsames.2016.12.001
Morosini, A.; Ortiz Suárez, A. & Ramos, G. (2009). Los Granitoides Famatinianos del sector suroccidental de la Sierra de San Luis: Clasificación y Geotermometría. Revista de la Asociación Geológica Argentina, 64(3): 253–266.
Nullo, F.; Otamendi, J. & Fagiano, M. (1995). Geología del sur de las Sierras de Comechingones, Córdoba, Argentina. Actas do 1° Encontro de Geologia Do Cone Sul, Porto Alegre, 1: 178–180.
Ortiz Suárez, A. (1988). El basamento de Las Aguadas, provincia de San Luis. Revista de la Asociación Argentina de Mineralogía, Petrología y Sedimentología, 19(1–4): 13–24.
Ortiz Suárez, A.; Grosso Cepparo, P.; Gómez Figueroa, J.; Erroz, M. & Montenegro, T. (2009). Geología del Basamento en el extremo noroeste de la Sierra de San Luis. Revista de la Asociación Geológica Argentina, 64(3): 481–492.
Otamendi, J.; Castellarini, P.; Fagiano, M.; Demichelis, A. & Tibaldi, A. (2004). Cambrian to Devonian geologic evolution of the Sierra the Comechingones, eastern Sierras Pampeanas, Argentina: evidence for the development and exhumation of continental crust on the proto-Pacific margin of Gondwana. Gondwana Research, 7: 1143–1155. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1342-937X(05)71090-X
Otamendi, J.; Cristofolini, E.; Fagiano, M.; Pinotti, L. & D'Eramo, F. (2014). Los Granitos Devónicos del sur de la Sierra de Comechingones. Relatorio del 19º Congreso Geológico Argentino, Córdoba, 1: 277–291.
Otamendi, J.; Ducea, M. & Bergantz, G. (2012). Geological, petrological and geochemical evidence for progressive construction of an arc crustal section, Sierra de Valle Fertil, Famatinian Arc, Argentina. Journal of Petrology, 53(4): 761–800. https://doi.org/10.1093/petrology/egr079
Otamendi, J.; Fagiano, M. & Nullo, F. (2000). Geología y evolución metamórfica del Complejo Monte Guazú, sur de la Sierra de Comechingones. Revista Asociación Geológica Argentina, 55(3): 265–279.
Otamendi, J.; Fagiano, M.; Nullo, F. & Pati-o Douce, A. (1998). Petrología y geoquímica del Complejo Achiras, sur de la Sierra de Comechingones. Revista de la Asociación Geológica Argentina, 53: 27–40.
Otamendi, J.; Nullo, F.; Fagiano, M. & Aragón, E. (1996). Dos terrenos metamórficos y estructurales en el extremo sur de la Sierra de Comechingones, Córdoba-San Luis: algunas implicancias tectónicas. Actas del 13º Congreso Geológico Argentino y 3º Congreso de Exploración de Hidrocarburos, Buenos Aires, 2: 249–266.
Pankhurst, R.; Rapela, C.; Saavedra, J.; Baldo, E.; Dahlquist, J.; Pascua, I. & Fanning, C. (1998). The Famatinian magmatic arc in the central Sierras Pampeanas: an Early to Mid-Ordovician continental arc on the Gondwana margin. In: The Proto-Andean Margin of Gondwana (Pankhurst, R.J. & Rapela, C.W., eds.), Geological Society London, 142: 343–368. https://doi.org/10.1144/GSL.SP.1998.142.01.17
Pearce, J.; Harris, N. & Tindle, A. (1984). Trace element discrimination diagrams for the tectonic interpretation of granitic rocks. Journal of Petrology, 25: 956–983. https://doi.org/10.1093/petrology/25.4.956
Peccerilo, A. & Taylor, S. (1976). Geochemistry of Eocene calc-alkaline volcanic rocks from the Kastamonu area, Northern Turkey. Contribution of the Mineral Petrology, 58: 63–81. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00384745
Prozzi, C.R. & Ramos, G. (1988). La Formación San Luis. 1º Jornadas de Trabajo de Sierras Pampeanas: San Luis, San Luis, Actas 1: 24–26.
Rollinson, H. (1993). Using Geochemical Data: Evaluation, Presentation, Interpretation. Longman, New York, 352 pp. PMCid:PMC1024989
Sato, A.M.; Gonzalez, P.D. & Llambías, E.J. (2003). Evolución del orógeno Famatiniano en la Sierra de San Luis: magmatismo de arco, deformación y metamorfismo de bajo a alto grado. Revista de la Asociación Geológica Argentina, 58(4): 487–504.
Siegesmund, S.; Steenken, A.; Martino, R.; Wemmer, K.; Lopez de Luchi, M.; Frei, R.; Presnyakow, S. & Guereschi, A. (2010). Time constraints on the tectonic Evolution of the Eastern Sierras Pampeanas (Central Argentina). International Journal of Earth Sciences, 99(6): 1199–1226. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00531-009-0471-z
Sims, J.P.; Stuart-Smith, P.G.; Lyons, P. & Skirrow, R.G. (1997). Report on 1:250000 Scale Geological and Metallogenic Maps Sierras de San Luis y Comechingones, Provinces of San Luis y Córdoba. Geoscientific Mapping of the Sierras Pampeanas Argentine-Australian, Cooperative Project. Australian Geological Survey Organization, Instituto de Recursos Geológicos- Mineros, Subsecretaría de Minería, Buenos Aires.
Spear, F.S. (1993). Metamorphic Phase Equilibria and Pressure-Temperature-Time Paths. Mineralogical Society of America monograph, Washington, 799 pp. PMCid:PMC237336
Steenken, A.; López de Luchi, M.G.; Martínez Dopico, C.; Drobe, M.; Wemmer, K. & Siegesmund, S. (2010). The Neoproterozoic-early Paleozoic metamorphic and magmatic evolution of the Eastern Sierras Pampeanas: an overview. International Journal of Earth Sciences, 100(2–3): 465–488.
Steenken, A.; Siegesmund, S.; Lopez de Luchi, M.G.; Frei, R. & Wemmer, K. (2006). Neoproterozoic to early Palaeozoic events in the Sierra de San Luis: implications for the Famatinian geodynamics in the Eastern Sierras Pampeanas (Argentina). Journal of the Geological Society, 163: 965–982. https://doi.org/10.1144/0016-76492005-064
Steenken, A.; Siegesmund, S.; Wemmer, K. & López de Luchi, M.G. (2008). Time constraints on the Famatinian and Achalian structural evolution of the basement of the Sierra de San Luis (Eastern Sierras Pampeanas, Argentina). Journal of South American Earth Sciences, 25(3): 336–358. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsames.2007.05.002
Taylor, S.R. & McLennan, S.M. (1985). The continental crust: its composition and evolution. Blackwell Scientific Publications, Oxford, 312 pp.
Villaseca, C.; Barbero, L. & Herreros, V. (1998). A re-examination of the typology of peraluminous granite types in intracontinental orogenic belts. Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh Earth Sciences, 89: 113–119. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0263593300007045
Von Gosen, W. & Prozzi, C. (1998). Structural evolution of the Sierras de San Luis (Eastern Sierras Pampeanas, Argentina): implications for the Proto-Andean Margin of Gondwana. In: The Proto-Andean Margin of Gondwana (Pankhurst, R. & Rapela, C., eds.), Geological Society of London, Special Publications, 142: 235–258. https://doi.org/10.1144/GSL.SP.1998.142.01.12
Whitmeyer, S.J. & Simpson, C. (2004). High strain- rate deformation fabrics characterize a kilometers- thick Paleozoic fault zone in the Eastern Sierras Pampeanas, central Argentina. Journal Structural Geology, 25: 909–922. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0191-8141(02)00118-9
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2017 Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
© CSIC. Manuscripts published in both the print and online versions of this journal are the property of the Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, and quoting this source is a requirement for any partial or full reproduction.
All contents of this electronic edition, except where otherwise noted, are distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) licence. You may read the basic information and the legal text of the licence. The indication of the CC BY 4.0 licence must be expressly stated in this way when necessary.
Self-archiving in repositories, personal webpages or similar, of any version other than the final version of the work produced by the publisher, is not allowed.







